Organic light-emitting device

ABSTRACT

An organic light-emitting device includes a first electrode; a second electrode; an emission layer between the first electrode and the second electrode; a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emission layer; and an electron transport region between the emission layer and the second electrode, wherein the hole transport region includes a hole auxiliary layer and the electron transport region includes an electron auxiliary layer. The organic light-emitting device may have high efficiency and long life span characteristics.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims priority to and the benefit of Korean PatentApplication No. 10-2014-0184961, filed on Dec. 19, 2014, in the KoreanIntellectual Property Office, the entire content of which isincorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND

1. Field

One or more aspects of embodiments of the present invention relate to anorganic light-emitting device.

2. Description of the Related Art

Organic light-emitting devices are self-emission devices that have wideviewing angles, high contrast ratios, short response times, excellentbrightness, driving voltage, and response speed characteristics, andproduce multicolored images.

An organic light-emitting device may include a substrate, a firstelectrode positioned on the substrate, and a hole transport region, anemission layer, an electron transport region, and a second electrodethat are sequentially stacked in the stated order on the firstelectrode. Holes provided from the first electrode may move toward theemission layer through the hole transport region, and electrons providedfrom the second electrode may move toward the emission layer through theelectron transport region. Carriers (e.g., holes and electrons), arethen recombined in the emission layer to produce excitons. Theseexcitons change from an excited stated to a ground state, therebygenerating light.

SUMMARY

One or more aspects of embodiments of the present invention are directedto an organic light-emitting device having high efficiency and longlifespan.

Additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description whichfollows and, in part, will be apparent from the description, or may belearned by practice of the presented embodiments.

According to one or more exemplary embodiments, an organiclight-emitting device includes:

a first electrode;

a second electrode;

an emission layer between the first electrode and the second electrode;

a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emissionlayer; and

an electron transport region between the emission layer and the secondelectrode,

wherein the hole transport region may include a hole auxiliary layer andthe electron transport region may include an electron auxiliary layer.

The hole auxiliary layer includes Compound A represented by Formula 1A,and

the electron auxiliary layer includes at least one selected fromCompound B represented by Formula 1B and Compound C represented byFormula 1C:

In Formulae 1A to 1C,

L₁ to L₃ may be each independently selected from a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,

L₁₁ to L₁₃ and L₂₁ to L₂₄ may be each independently selected from asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group, a substitutedor unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylene group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylene group, and a substituted or unsubstituteddivalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,

a1 to a3, a11 to a13, and a21 to a24 may be each independently aninteger selected from 0 to 3,

Ar₁ to Ar₆ may be each independently selected from a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, and Ar₁ and Ar₂ may beoptionally linked with each other to form a saturated or unsaturatedC₅-C₂₀ ring, Ar₃ and Ar₄ may be optionally linked with each other toform a saturated or unsaturated C₅-C₂₀ ring, and Ar₅ and Ar₆ may beoptionally linked with each other to form a saturated or unsaturatedC₅-C₂₀ ring,

R₁ to R₄, R₁₁ to R₁₃, and R₂₁ to R₂₆ may be each independently selectedfrom a hydrogen, a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, and —Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃),

b1 to b4, b11 to b13, and b21 to b26 may be each independently aninteger selected from 0 to 4,

ET₁₁ to ET₁₃ and ET₂₁ to ET₂₄ may be each independently selected fromelectron transporting moieties,

d11 to d13, d23, and d24 may be each independently an integer selectedfrom 1 to 3,

c1 to c3, c11 to c13, and c21 to c24 may be each independently aninteger selected from 0 to 4, and a sum of c1 to c3 (i.e., c1+c2+c3) maybe 1 or more, a sum of oil to c13 (i.e., c11+c12+c13) may be 1 or more,and a sum of c21 to c24 (i.e., c21+c22+c23+c24) may be 1 or more,

at least one of substituents of the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylenegroup, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, the substitutedC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylene group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylene group, thesubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylene group, the substituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, the substituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, the substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, the substitutedC₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, thesubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, thesubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀arylthio group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, the substitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and the substitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group may be selectedfrom:

a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid groupor a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, and aC₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group,and a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₃ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, and—Si(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂)(Q₁₃);

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenylgroup, and a terphenyl group;

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₅-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenylgroup, and a terphenyl group, each substituted with at least oneselected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynylgroup, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₅-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, aC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, and —Si(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂)(Q₂₃); and

—Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), and

Q₁ to Q₃, Q₁₁ to Q₁₃, Q₂₁ to Q₂₃, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may be eachindependently selected from a hydrogen, a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group ora salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoricacid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenylgroup, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenylgroup, and a terphenyl group.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

These and/or other aspects will become apparent and more readilyappreciated from the following description of the exemplary embodiments,taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing which is a schematiccross-sectional view of an organic light-emitting device according toone or more embodiments of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments, examples of whichare illustrated in the accompanying drawing, wherein like referencenumerals refer to like elements throughout. In this regard, the presentexemplary embodiments may have different forms and should not beconstrued as being limited to the descriptions set forth herein.Accordingly, the exemplary embodiments are merely described below, byreferring to the drawing, to explain aspects of the present description.As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations ofone or more of the associated listed items. Expressions such as “atleast one of,” when preceding a list of elements, modify the entire listof elements and do not modify the individual elements of the list.Further, the use of “may” when describing embodiments of the presentinvention refers to “one or more embodiments of the present invention.”

In addition, as used herein, the terms “use,” “using,” and “used” may beconsidered synonymous with the terms “utilize,” “utilizing,” and“utilized,” respectively. Also, the term “exemplary” is intended torefer to an example or illustration.

As used herein, the term “substantially,” “about,” and similar terms areused as terms of approximation and not as terms of degree, and areintended to account for the inherent deviations in measured orcalculated values that would be recognized by those of ordinary skill inthe art.

Also, any numerical range recited herein is intended to include allsubranges of the same numerical precision subsumed within the recitedrange. For example, a range of “1.0 to 10.0” is intended to include allsubranges between (and including) the recited minimum value of 1.0 andthe recited maximum value of 10.0, that is, having a minimum value equalto or greater than 1.0 and a maximum value equal to or less than 10.0,such as, for example, 2.4 to 7.6. Any maximum numerical limitationrecited herein is intended to include all lower numerical limitationssubsumed therein and any minimum numerical limitation recited in thisspecification is intended to include all higher numerical limitationssubsumed therein. Accordingly, Applicant reserves the right to amendthis specification, including the claims, to expressly recite anysub-range subsumed within the ranges expressly recited herein. All suchranges are intended to be inherently described in this specificationsuch that amending to expressly recite any such subranges would complywith the requirements of 35 U.S.C. §112, first paragraph, and 35 U.S.C.§132(a).

The drawing is a schematic cross-sectional view of an organiclight-emitting device 10 according to one or more embodiments of thepresent invention. The organic light-emitting device 10 includes a firstelectrode 110, a hole transport region 130, an emission layer 150, anelectron transport region 170, and a second electrode 190.

Hereinafter, a structure and a method of manufacturing the organiclight-emitting device 10 according to one or more embodiments will bedescribed in connection with the drawing.

In the drawing, a substrate may be additionally positioned under thefirst electrode 110 or on the second electrode 190. The substrate may bea glass substrate or a transparent plastic substrate, each of which hasexcellent mechanical strength, thermal stability, transparency, surfacesmoothness, ease of handling, and water-proofness.

The first electrode 110 may be formed by, for example, depositing orsputtering a material for forming the first electrode 110 on thesubstrate. When the first electrode 110 is an anode, the material forforming the first electrode 110 may be selected from materials having ahigh work function so as to facilitate hole injection. The firstelectrode 110 may be a reflective electrode, a semi-transmissiveelectrode, or a transmissive electrode. The material for forming thefirst electrode 110 may be, for example, indium tin oxide (ITO), indiumzinc oxide (IZO), tin oxide (SnO₂), and/or zinc oxide (ZnO), each ofwhich has excellent transparency and conductivity. Alternatively, toform the first electrode 110 that is a semi-transmissive electrode or areflective electrode, the material for forming the first electrode 110may be at least one selected from magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al),aluminum-lithium (Al—Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg—In), andmagnesium-silver (Mg—Ag).

The first electrode 110 may have a single-layer structure or amulti-layer structure consisting of a plurality of layers. For example,the first electrode 110 may have a triple-layer structure of ITO/Ag/ITO,but the structure of the first electrode 110 is not limited thereto.

A hole transport region 130, an emission layer 150, and an electrontransport region 170 may be sequentially stacked in the stated order onthe first electrode 110.

The hole transport region 130 may include a hole auxiliary layer, andthe electron transport region 170 may include an electron auxiliarylayer. Here, the hole auxiliary layer may include Compound A representedby Formula 1A below, and the electron auxiliary layer may include atleast one selected from Compound B represented by Formula 1B below andCompound C represented by Formula 1C below.

In Formulae 1A to 1C, L₁ to L₃ may be each independently selected from asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group, a substitutedor unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylene group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylene group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₆₀ heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a substituted orunsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,and L₁₁ to L₁₃ and L₂₁ to L₂₄ may be each independently selected from asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group, a substitutedor unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylene group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylene group, and a substituted or unsubstituteddivalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group.

For example, in Formulae 1A to 1C,

L₁ to L₃ may be each independently selected from:

a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, anaphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, anindacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-fluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylenegroup, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, atriphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, anaphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylene group, apentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, arubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, an ovalenylene group, apyrrolylene group, a thiophenylene group, a furanylene group, animidazolylene group, a pyrazolylene group, a thiazolylene group, anisothiazolylene group, an oxazolylene group, an isooxazolylene group, apyridinylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, apyridazinylene group, an isoindolylene group, an indolylene group, anindazolylene group, a purinylene group, a quinolinylene group, anisoquinolinylene group, a benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylenegroup, a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, aquinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, a carbazolylene group, aphenanthridinylene group, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylenegroup, a phenazinylene group, a benzoimidazolylene group, abenzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, anisobenzothiazolylene group, a benzooxazolylene group, anisobenzooxazolylene group, a triazolylene group, a tetrazolylene group,an oxadiazolylene group, a triazinylene group, a dibenzofuranylenegroup, a dibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, adibenzocarbazolylene group, a thiadiazolylene group, animidazopyridinylene group, and an imidazopyrimidinylene group; and

a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, anaphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, anindacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-fluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylenegroup, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, atriphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, anaphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylene group, apentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, arubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, an ovalenylene group, apyrrolylene group, a thiophenylene group, a furanylene group, animidazolylene group, a pyrazolylene group, a thiazolylene group, anisothiazolylene group, an oxazolylene group, an isooxazolylene group, apyridinylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, apyridazinylene group, an isoindolylene group, an indolylene group, anindazolylene group, a purinylene group, a quinolinylene group, anisoquinolinylene group, a benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylenegroup, a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, aquinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, a carbazolylene group, aphenanthridinylene group, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylenegroup, a phenazinylene group, a benzoimidazolylene group, abenzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, anisobenzothiazolylene group, a benzooxazolylene group, anisobenzooxazolylene group, a triazolylene group, a tetrazolylene group,an oxadiazolylene group, a triazinylene group, a dibenzofuranylenegroup, a dibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, adibenzocarbazolylene group, a thiadiazolylene group, animidazopyridinylene group, and an imidazopyrimidinylene group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptylgroup, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, apentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group,a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, apyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolylgroup, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, anoxazolyl group, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, anindolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group,an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, anaphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, anacridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, anisobenzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolylgroup, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, atriazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, abenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group,an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃),

L₁₁ to L₁₃ and L₂₁ to L₂₄ may be each independently selected from

a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, anaphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, anindacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-fluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylenegroup, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, atriphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, anaphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylene group, apentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, arubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, and an ovalenylene group; and

a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, anaphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, anindacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-fluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylenegroup, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, atriphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, anaphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylene group, apentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, arubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, and an ovalenylene group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptylgroup, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, apentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group,a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, abiphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), and

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyrrolylgroup, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolyl group, apyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolylgroup, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, apyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, anisobenzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolylgroup, a triazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a thiadiazolylgroup, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, abiphenyl group, and a terphenyl group.

In some embodiments, in Formulae 1A to 1C, L₁ to L₃, L₁₁ to L₁₃, and L₂₁to L₂₄ may be each independently selected from:

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-fluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylenegroup, and a chrysenylene group; and

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-fluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylenegroup, and a chrysenylene group, each substituted with at least oneselected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), and

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenylgroup, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group.

In some embodiments, in Formulae 1A to 1C, L₁ to L₃ may be eachindependently selected from groups represented by Formulae 3-1 to 3-35below, and L₁₁ to L₁₃ and L₂₁ to L₂₄ may be each independently selectedfrom the groups represented by Formulae 3-1 to 3-9, 3-25, and 3-31 to3-35 below, but L₁ to L₃, L₁₁ to L₁₃, and L₂₁ to L₂₄ are not limitedthereto:

In Formulae 3-1 to 3-35,

Y₁ may be O, S, C(Z₃)(Z₄), N(Z₅), or Si(Z₆)(Z₇),

Z₁ to Z₇ may be each independently selected from a hydrogen, adeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid groupor a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃),

d1 may be an integer selected from 1 to 4,

d2 may be an integer selected from 1 to 3,

d3 may be an integer selected from 1 to 6,

d4 may be an integer selected from 1 to 8,

d5 may be 1 or 2,

d6 may be an integer selected from 1 to 5, and

* and *′ may each indicate a binding site to a neighboring atom.

In some embodiments, in Formulae 3-3 and 3-4, Y₁ may be C(Z₃)(Z₄).

In some embodiments, in Formulae 1A to 1C, L₁ to L₃ may be eachindependently selected from groups represented by Formulae 4-1 to 4-28below, and L₁₁ to L₁₃ and L₂₁ to L₂₄ may be each independently selectedfrom groups represented by Formulae 4-1, 4-3, 4-5, 4-7 to 4-17, 4-20,4-21, and 4-24 to 4-28 below, but L₁ to L₃, L₁₁ to L₁₃, and L₂₁ to L₂₄are not limited thereto:

In Formulae 4-1 and 4-28, * and *′ may each indicate a binding site to aneighboring atom.

In Formulae 1A to 1C, a1 to a3, a11 to a13, and a21 to a24 may be eachindependently an integer selected from 0 to 3, and a1 may indicate thenumber of L₁. When a1 is 0, *-(L₁)_(a1)-*′ may be a single bond. When a1is 2 or more, 2 or more L₁s may be identical to or different from eachother. Descriptions of a2, a3, a11 to a13, and a21 to a24 may beunderstood by referring to the descriptions presented in connection witha1 and compound structures of Formulae 1A to 1C.

For example, in Formulae 1A to 1C, a1 to a3, a11 to a13, and a21 to a24may be each independently 0, 1, or 2. For example, in Formulae 1A to 1C,a1 to a3, a11 to a13, and a21 to a24 may be each independently 0 or 1.However, embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

In some embodiments, L₁₁ to L₁₃ in Formula 1B and L₂₁ and L₂₂ in Formula1C may be each independently selected from groups represented byFormulae 3-1 and 3-2. a11 to a13 in Formula 1B may be each independently1 or 2, and a21 and a22 in Formula 1C may be each independently 0, 1, or2. However, embodiments of the present invention are not limitedthereto.

In some embodiments, L₁₁ to L₁₃ in Formula 1B and L₂₁ and L₂₂ in Formula1C may be each independently selected from groups represented byFormulae 4-1, 4-3, and 4-9. a11 to a13 in Formula 1B may be eachindependently 1 or 2, and a21 and a22 in Formula 1C may be eachindependently 0, 1, or 2. However, embodiments of the present inventionare not limited thereto.

In accordance with some embodiments, in Formula 1B, at least one L₁₁(the number of L₁₁s being equal to all), at least one L₁₂ (the number ofL₁₂s being equal to a12), and/or at least one L₁₃ (the number of L₁₃sbeing equal to a13) may be the group represented by Formula 3-2.However, embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

In Formula 1A, Ar₁ to Ar₆ may be each independently selected from asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, wherein Ar₁ and Ar₂ maybe optionally linked with each other to form a saturated or unsaturatedC₅-C₂₀ ring, Ar₃ and Ar₄ may be optionally linked with each other toform a saturated or unsaturated C₅-C₂₀ ring, and Ar₅ and Ar₆ may beoptionally linked with each other to form a saturated or unsaturatedC₅-C₂₀ ring.

For example, in Formula 1A, Ar₁ to Ar₆ may be each independentlyselected from:

a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group,an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, anacenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenylgroup, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, ahexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, a coronenylgroup, an ovalenyl group, a pyrroyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanylgroup, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, anisothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, anisoindolyl group, an indolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group,a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, aphthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, aphenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, aphenazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolylgroup, an isobenzooxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group,an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolylgroup a dibenzosilolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an imidazopyridinylgroup, and an imidazopyrimidinyl group; and

a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group,an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, anacenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenylgroup, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, ahexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, a coronenylgroup, an ovalenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, afuranyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolylgroup, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isooxazolyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, an indazolyl group, apurinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, abenzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, abenzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group,a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, atetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a thiadiazolylgroup, an imidazopyridinyl group, and an imidazopyrimidinyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptylgroup, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, apentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group,a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, apyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolylgroup, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, anoxazolyl group, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, anindolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group,an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, anaphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, anacridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, anisobenzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolylgroup, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, atriazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, abenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group,an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), and

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyrrolylgroup, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolyl group, apyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolylgroup, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, apyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, anisobenzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolylgroup, a triazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a thiadiazolylgroup, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, abiphenyl group, and a terphenyl group.

For example, in Formula 1A, Ar₁ to Ar₆ may be each independentlyselected from:

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group,an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, anisothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, anisobenzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolylgroup, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group,a dibenzothiophenyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, and animidazopyrimidinyl group; and

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group,an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, anisothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, anisobenzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolylgroup, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group,a dibenzothiophenyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, and animidazopyrimidinyl group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenylgroup, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenylgroup, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolylgroup, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, anoxazolyl group, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, abenzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group,a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group,a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, animidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), and

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, and a naphthyl group.

In some embodiments, in Formula 1A, Ar₁ to Ar₆ may be each independentlyselected from:

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group; and

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group, each substitutedwith at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group ora salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoricacid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxygroup, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), and

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, and a naphthyl group.

In some embodiments, in Formula 1A, Ar₁ to Ar₆ may be each independentlyselected from groups represented by Formulae 5-1 to 5-75 below:

In Formulae 5-1 to 5-75,

Y₃₁ may be O, S, C(Z₃₃)(Z₃₄), N(Z₃₅), or Si(Z₃₆)(Z₃₇),

Z₃₁ to Z₃₇ may be each independently selected from a hydrogen, adeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid groupor a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃),

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, and a naphthyl group,

e2 may be an integer selected from 1 to 2;

e3 may be an integer selected from 1 to 3,

e4 may be an integer selected from 1 to 4,

e5 may be an integer selected from 1 to 5,

e6 may be an integer selected from 1 to 6,

e7 may be an integer selected from 1 to 7,

e9 may be an integer selected from 1 to 9, and

* may indicate a binding site to a neighboring atom.

In some embodiments, in Formula 1A, Ar₁ to Ar₆ may be each independentlyselected from groups represented by Formulae 6-1 to 6-41 below, but arenot limited thereto:

In Formulae 6-1 to 6-41, * may indicate a binding site to a neighboringatom.

In some embodiments, in Formula 1A, at least one of *—N(Ar₁)(Ar₂),*—N(Ar₃)(Ar₄), and *—N(Ar₅)(Ar₆) may be selected from groups representedby Formulae 7-1 to 7-3 below:

In Formulae 7-1 to 7-3,

Z₃₁ and Z₃₂ may be each independently selected from a hydrogen, adeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid groupor a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃),

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, and a naphthyl group, and

e4 may be an integer selected from 1 to 4,

e6 may be an integer selected from 1 to 6, and

* may indicate a binding site to a neighboring atom.

In Formulae 1A to 1C, R₁ to R₄, R₁₁ to R₁₃, and R₂₁ to R₂₆ may be eachindependently selected from a hydrogen, a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group ora salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoricacid group or a salt thereof, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, and —Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃),

where Q₁ to Q₃ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, and a naphthyl group.

For example, in Formulae 1A to 1C, R₁ to R₄, R₁₁ to R₁₃, and R₂₁ to R₂₆may be each independently selected from:

a hydrogen, a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof; asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group,an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, anisothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, anisobenzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolylgroup, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group,a dibenzothiophenyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, and animidazopyrimidinyl group;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group,an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, anisothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, anisobenzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolylgroup, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group,a dibenzothiophenyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, and animidazopyrimidinyl group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenylgroup, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenylgroup, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolylgroup, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, anoxazolyl group, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, abenzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group,a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group,a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, animidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃); and

—Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃), and

Q₁ to Q₃ and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, and a naphthylgroup.

In some embodiments, in Formulae 1A to 1C, R₁ to R₄, R₁₁ to R₁₃, and R₂₁to R₂₆ may be each independently selected from:

a hydrogen, a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, and a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, and a triazinyl group;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, and a triazinyl group, each substituted with at least oneselected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃); and

—Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃), and

Q₁ to Q₃ and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, and a naphthylgroup.

In some embodiments, in Formulae 1A to 1C, R₁ to R₄, R₁₁ to R₁₃, and R₂₁to R₂₆ may be each independently selected from a hydrogen, a deuterium,—F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, anamino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₁₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, and a naphthyl group, butembodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

In some embodiments, in Formula 1C, i) when c22 is 0 and ii) c21 is 0,R₂₂ and R₂₁ may be each independently selected from:

a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group,an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, anacenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenylgroup, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, ahexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, a coronenylgroup, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, acarbazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, and a dibenzosilolyl group; and

a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group,an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, anacenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenylgroup, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, ahexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, a coronenylgroup, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, acarbazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, and a dibenzosilolyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptylgroup, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, apentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group,a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzofuranylgroup, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzosilolyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and—Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), and

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, and a naphthyl group, butembodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

In Formulae 1A to 1C, b1 to b4, b11 to b13, and b21 to b26 may be eachindependently an integer selected from 0 to 4, and b1 may indicate thenumber of R₁. When b1 is 2 or more, two or more R₁s may be identical toor different from each other. Descriptions of b2 to b4, b11 to b13, andb21 to b26 may be understood by referring to the descriptions presentedin connection with b1 and compound structures of Formulae 1A to 1C.

For example, in Formulae 1A to 1C, b1 to b4, b11 to b13, and b21 to b26may be each independently 0, 1, or 2. For example, in Formulae 1A to 1C,b1 to b4, b11 to b13, and b21 to b26 may be each independently 0 or 1.However, embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

In Formulae 1A to 1C, ET₁₁ to ET₁₃ and ET₂₁ to ET₂₄ may be eachindependently selected from electron transporting moieties.

In Formulae 1A to 1C, ET₁₁ to ET₁₃ and ET₂₁ to ET₂₄ may be eachindependently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group (except that thesubstituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group does not include a substituted or unsubstitutedcarbazolyl group), each of which has at least one nitrogen as a ringforming atom.

For example, in Formulae 1A to 1C, ET₁₁ to ET₁₃ and ET₂₁ to ET₂₄ may beeach independently selected from:

a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolylgroup, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, anoxazolyl group, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, anindolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group,an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, anaphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, anisobenzothiazoiyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolylgroup, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, atriazinyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an iniidazopyridinyl group, andan imidazopyriniidinyl group; and

a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolylgroup, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, anoxazolyl group, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, anindolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group,an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, anaphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, anisobenzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolylgroup, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, atriazinyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an iniidazopyridinyl group, andan imidazopyrimidinyl group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, acyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, acyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenylgroup, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, anindacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group,a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, apentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenylgroup, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolylgroup, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, anisooxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, anindazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinylgroup, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinylgroup, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, abenzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group,a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, atetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, animidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), and

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyrrolylgroup, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolyl group, apyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolylgroup, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, apyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, anisobenzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolylgroup, a triazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a thiadiazolylgroup, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, abiphenyl group, and a terphenyl group.

In some embodiments, in Formulae 1A to 1C, ET₁₁ to ET₁₃ and ET₂₁ to ET₂₄may be each independently selected from:

a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinylgroup, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinylgroup, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinylgroup, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group,a benzoimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolylgroup, an isobenzooxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group,an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, animidazopyridinyl group, and an imidazopyrimidinyl group; and

a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinylgroup, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinylgroup, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinylgroup, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group,a benzoimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolylgroup, an isobenzooxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group,an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, animidazopyridinyl group, and an imidazopyrimidinyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptylgroup, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group,an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, anaphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, anisobenzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolylgroup, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, atriazinyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, animidazopyrimidinyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and—Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), and

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a biphenylgroup, and a terphenyl group.

In some embodiments, in Formulae 1A to 1C, ET₁₁ to ET₁₃ and ET₂₁ to ET₂₄may be each independently selected from the groups represented byFormulae 5-21 to 5-75 below:

In Formulae 5-21 to 5-75,

Y₃₁ may be O, S, C(Z₃₃)(Z₃₄), N(Z₃₅), or Si(Z₃₆)(Z₃₇),

Z₃₁ to Z₃₇ may be each independently selected from a hydrogen, adeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid groupor a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃),

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, and a naphthyl group,

e2 may be an integer selected from 1 to 2,

e3 may be an integer selected from 1 to 3,

e4 may be an integer selected from 1 to 4,

e5 may be an integer selected from 1 to 5,

e6 may be an integer selected from 1 to 6,

e7 may be an integer selected from 1 to 7,

e9 may be an integer selected from 1 to 9, and

* may indicate a binding site to a neighboring atom.

In some embodiments, in Formulae 1A to 1C, ET₁₁ to ET₁₃ and ET₂₁ to ET₂₄may be each independently selected from groups represented by Formulae10-1 to 10-117 below, but are not limited thereto:

In Formulae 10-1 to 10-117, * may indicate a binding site to aneighboring atom.

In Formulae 1A to 1C, d11 to d13, d23, and d24 may be each independentlyan integer selected from 1 to 3, and for example, d11 may indicate thenumber of ET₁₁. When d11 is 2 or more, two or more ET₁₁s may beidentical to or different from each other. Descriptions of d12, d13,d23, and d24 may be understood by referring to the descriptionspresented in connection with d11 and compound structures of Formulae 1Ato 1C.

In Formulae 1A to 1C, c1 to c3, c11 to c13, and c21 to c24 may be eachindependently an integer selected from 0 to 4, wherein a sum of c1 to c3(i.e., c1+c2+c3) is 1 or more, a sum of c11 to c13 (i.e., c11+c12+c13)is 1 or more, and a sum of c21 to c24 (i.e., c21+c22+c23+c24) is 1 ormore.

For example, in Formula 1C, a sum of c21 and c22 (i.e., c21+c22) may be1 or more.

For example, in Formula 1A, c1 may be equal to 1, c2 may be equal to 1,and c3 may be equal to 1;

c1 may be equal to 0, c2 may be equal to 1, and c3 may be equal to 1;

c1 may be equal to 1, c2 may be equal to 0, and c3 may be equal to 1;

c1 may be equal to 1, c2 may be equal to 1, and c3 may be equal to 0;

c1 may be equal to 0, c2 may be equal to 0, and c3 may be equal to 1;

c1 may be equal to 0, c2 may be equal to 1, and c3 may be equal to 0; or

c1 may be equal to 1, c2 may be equal to 0, and c3 may be equal to 0,but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

For example, in Formula 1B,

c11 may be equal to 1, c12 may be equal to 1, and c13 may be equal to 1;

c11 may be equal to 1, c12 may be equal to 1, and c13 may be equal to 0;or

c11 may be equal to 1, c12 may be equal to 0, and c13 may be equal to 0,but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

For example, in Formula 1C,

c21 may be equal to 1, c22 may be equal to 1, c23 may be equal to 0, andc24=0;

c21 may be equal to 0, c22 may be equal to 1, c23 may be equal to 0, andc24=0; or

c21 may be equal to 1, c22 may be equal to 0, c23 may be equal to 0, andc24 may be equal to 0, but embodiments of the present invention are notlimited thereto.

In some embodiments, Compound A may be represented by any one ofFormulae 1A-1 to 1A-4 below. In some embodiments, Compound B may berepresented by any one of Formulae 1B-1 and 1B-2 below. In someembodiments, Compound C may be represented by any one of Formulae 1C-1to 1C-3 below:

In Formulae 1A-1 to 1A-4, 1B-1, 1B-2, and 1C-1 to 1C-3, descriptions ofL₁ to L₃, L₁₁, L₂₁ to L₂₂, a1 to a3, all, a21 to a22, Ar₁ to Ar₆, R₁ toR₄, R₁₁ to R₁₃, R₂₁ to R₂₆, b1 to b4, b11 to b13, b21 to b26, ET₁₁, ET₂₁to ET₂₂, d11, c21 and c22 may be understood by referring to thedescriptions provided herein.

In some embodiments, Compound A may be represented by one of Formulae1A-1 to 1A-4, Compound B may be represented by one of Formulae 1B-1 and1B-2, and Compound C may be represented by one of Formulae 1C-1 to 1C-3.

In some embodiments, Compound A may be represented by any one ofFormulae 1A-111 to 1A-(4) below:

In Formulae 1A-(1) to 1A-(4), descriptions of L₁ to L₃, a1 to a3, Ar₁ toAr₆, and R₄ may be understood by referring to the descriptions presentedherein.

In some embodiments, Compound C may be represented by Formula 1C-(1)below, but is not limited thereto:

In Formula 1C-(1), descriptions of L₂₁, L₂₂, a21, a22, R₂₁ to R₂₄, b21,b22, ET₂₁, ET₂₂, and c21 and c22 may be understood by referring to thedescriptions provided herein.

In some embodiments, Compound A may be selected from Compounds A1 to A15below, Compound B may be selected from Compounds B1 to B9, and CompoundC may be selected from Compounds C1 to C8, but embodiments of thepresent invention are not limited thereto:

The electron auxiliary layer may further include at least one selectedfrom Compound D represented by Formula 1D below and Compound Erepresented by Formula 1E below:

in Formulae 1D and 1E, L₃₁ to L₃₃, L₄₁, and L₄₂ may be eachindependently selected from:

a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, anaphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, anindacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-fluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylenegroup, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, atriphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, anaphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylene group, apentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, arubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, an ovalenylene group, athiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, abenzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylenegroup, a dibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, and adibenzocarbazolylene group; and

a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, anaphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, anindacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-fluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylenegroup, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, atriphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, anaphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylene group, apentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, arubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, an ovalenylene group, athiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, abenzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylenegroup, a dibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, and adibenzocarbazolylene group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, acyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, acyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenylgroup, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, anindacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group,a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, apentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenylgroup, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, afuranyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and—Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), and

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenylgroup, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, anindacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group,a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, apentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenylgroup, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, afuranyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, and adibenzosilolyl group.

For example, in Formulae 1D and 1E, L₃₁ to L₃₃, L₄₁, and L₄₂ may be eachindependently selected from:

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-fluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylenegroup, and a chrysenylene group; and

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-fluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylenegroup, and a chrysenylene group, each substituted with at least oneselected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), and

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenylgroup, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group.

For example, in Formulae 1D and 1E, L₃₁ to L₃₃, L₄₁, and L₄₂ may be eachindependently selected from the groups represented by Formulae 3-1 to3-9, 3-25, and 3-31 to 3-35 above, but are not limited thereto.

In some embodiments, in Formulae 1D and 1E, L₃₁ to L₃₃, L₄₁, and L₄₂ maybe each independently selected from the groups represented by Formulae4-1, 4-3, 4-5, 4-7 to 4-17, 4-20, 4-21, and 4-24 to 4-28 above, but arenot limited thereto.

In Formulae 1D and 1E, a31 to a33, a41, and a42 may be eachindependently an integer selected from 0 to 3, and a31 may indicate thenumber of L₃₁. When a31 is 0, *-(L₃₁)_(a31)-*′ may be a single bond.When a31 is 2 or more, 2 or more L₃₁s may be identical to or differentfrom each other. Descriptions of a32, a33, a41, and a42 may beunderstood by referring to the descriptions presented in connection witha31 and compound structures of Formulae 1D and 1E.

In some embodiments, L₃₁ to L₃₃ in Formula 1D and L₄₁ and L₄₂ in Formula1E may be each independently selected from the groups represented byFormulae 3-1 and 3-2. a31 to a33 in Formula 10 may be each independently1 or 2, and a41 and a42 in Formula 1E may be each independently 0, 1, or2. However, embodiments of the present invention are not limitedthereto.

In some embodiments, L₃₁ to L₃₃ in Formula 1D and L₄₁ and L₄₂ in Formula1E may be each independently selected from the groups represented byFormulae 4-1, 4-3, and 4-9. a31 to a33 in Formula 1D may be eachindependently 1 or 2, and a41 and a42 in Formula 1E may be eachindependently 0, 1, or 2. However, embodiments of the present inventionare not limited thereto.

In some embodiments, in Formula 10, at least one L₃₁ (the number of L₃₁sbeing equal to a31), at least one L₃₂ (the number of L₃₂s being equal toa32), and/or at least one L₃₃ (the number of L₃₃s being equal to a33)may be the group represented by Formula 3-2 above. However, embodimentsof the present invention are not limited thereto.

In Formula 1E, R₄₁ to R₄₄ may be each independently selected from:

a hydrogen, a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group,a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, and a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof;

a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group,an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, anacenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenylgroup, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, ahexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, a coronenylgroup, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, acarbazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, and a dibenzosilolyl group;

a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group,an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, anacenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenylgroup, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, ahexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, a coronenylgroup, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, acarbazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, and a dibenzosilolyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptylgroup, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, apentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group,a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzofuranylgroup, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzosilolyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and—Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃); and

—Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃), and

Q₁ to Q₃ and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group,an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenylgroup, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group,a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, apentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenylgroup, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, afuranyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, and adibenzosilolyl group.

For example, in Formula 1E, R₄₁ to R₄₄ may be each independentlyselected from:

a hydrogen, a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, and a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group,a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, and a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenylgroup, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanylgroup, a carbazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenylgroup, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, abenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, and a dibenzosilolylgroup;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenylgroup, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanylgroup, a carbazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenylgroup, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, abenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, and a dibenzosilolylgroup, each substituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F,—Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an aminogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₁₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, abenzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzosilolyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and—Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃); and

—Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃), and

Q₁ to Q₃ and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, and a naphthylgroup, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

In Formula 1E, b41 to b44 may be each independently an integer selectedfrom 0 to 4.

For example, in Formula 1E, b41 may indicate the number of R⁴¹. When b41is 2 or more, 2 or more R₄₁s may be identical to or different from eachother. Descriptions of each of b42 to b44 may be understood by referringto the descriptions presented in connection with b41 and compoundstructures of Formula 1E.

For example, in Formula 1E, b41 to b44 may be each independently 0, 1,or 2. For example, in Formula 1E, b41 to b44 may be each independently 0or 1. However, embodiments of the present invention are not limitedthereto.

In Formulae 1D and 1E, HT₃₁ to HT₃₃, HT₄₁, and HT₄₂ may be eachindependently a hole transporting moiety.

For example, in Formulae 1D and 1E, HT₃₁ to HT₃₃, HT₄₁, and HT₄₂ may beeach independently selected from:

a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group,an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, anacenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenylgroup, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, ahexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, a coronenylgroup, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, acarbazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, and a dibenzosilolyl group; and

a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group,an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, anacenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenylgroup, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, ahexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, a coronenylgroup, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, acarbazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, and a dibenzosilolyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptylgroup, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, apentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group,a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzofuranylgroup, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzosilolyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and—Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃),

where Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently be as defined above inconnection with R₄₁ to R₄₄.

For example, in Formulae 1D and 1E, HT₃₁ to HT₃₃, HT₄₁, and HT₄₂ may beeach independently selected from the groups represented by Formulae 5-1to 5-20 below:

In Formulae 5-1 to 5-20,

Y₃₁ may be O, S, C(Z₃₃)(Z₃₄), N(Z₃₅), Or Si(Z₃₆)(Z₃₇),

Z₃₁ to Z₃₇ may be each independently selected from a hydrogen, adeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid groupor a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a biphenyl group,a terphenyl group, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃),

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, and a naphthyl group,

e3 may be an integer selected from 1 to 3,

e4 may be an integer selected from 1 to 4,

e5 may be an integer selected from 1 to 5,

e6 may be an integer selected from 1 to 6,

e7 may be an integer selected from 1 to 7,

e9 may be an integer selected from 1 to 9, and

* may indicate a binding site to a neighboring atom.

In some embodiments, in Formulae 1D and 1E, HT₃₁ to HT₃₃, HT₄₁, and HT₄₂may be each independently selected from groups represented by Formulae6-1 to 6-43 below, but are not limited thereto:

In Formula 1D, d31 to d33 may be each independently an integer selectedfrom 1 to 3. For example, in Formula 1D, d31 to d33 may be eachindependently 1 or 2. For example, in Formula 1D, d31 to d33 may be eachindependently 1.

In Formula 1D, c31 to c33 may be each independently an integer selectedfrom 0 to 4, wherein a sum of c31 to c33 (i.e., c31+c32+c33) may be 1 ormore.

For example, in Formula 1D,

c31 may be equal to 1, c32 may be equal to 1, and c33 may be equal to 1;

c31 may be equal to 1, c32 may be equal to 1, and c33 may be equal to 0;or

c31 may be equal to 1, c32 may be equal to 0, and c33 may be equal to 0,but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

In Formula 1E, c41 and c42 may be each independently an integer selectedfrom 1 to 4. For example, in Formula 1E, c41 and c42 may be eachindependently 1 or 2.

In some embodiments, Compound D may be represented by any one ofFormulae 1D-1 and 1D-2 below. In some embodiments, Compound E may berepresented by any one of Formulae 1E-1 to 1E-3 below:

In Formulae 1D-1, 10-2, and 1E-1 to 1E-3, descriptions of L₃₁, L₄₁, L₄₂,a31, a41, a42, R₄₁ to R₄₄, b41 to b44, HT₃₁, HT₄₁, HT₄₂, d31, and c41 toc42 may be understood by referring to the descriptions provided herein.

In some embodiments, Compound D may be represented by any one ofFormulae 1D-1 and 1D-2, and Compound E may be represented by any one ofFormulae 1E-1 to 1E-3.

For example, Compound E may be represented by Formula 1E-(1) below:

In Formula 1E-(1), descriptions of L₄₁, L₄₂, a41, a42, R₄₁, R₄₂, HT₄₁,HT₄₂, c41, and c42 may be understood by referring to the descriptionsprovided herein.

For example, Compound D may be selected from Compounds D1 to D10 below,and Compound E may be selected from Compounds E1 to E9 below, but arenot limited thereto:

In some embodiments, the electron auxiliary layer may include Compound Brepresented by Formula 1B and Compound E represented by Formula 1E.

In some embodiments, the electron auxiliary layer may include Compound Crepresented by Formula 1C and Compound D represented by Formula 1D.

In some embodiments, the hole auxiliary layer may include Compound Arepresented by any one of Formulae 1A-1 to 1A-4; and

the electron auxiliary layer may further include Compound B representedby any one of Formulae 1B-1 and 1B-2 and Compound E represented by anyone of Formulae 1E-1 to 1E-3.

In some embodiments, the hole auxiliary layer may include Compound Arepresented by any one of Formulae 1A-(1) to 1A-(4); and

the electron auxiliary layer may further include Compound B representedby Formula 1B-1 and Compound E represented by Formula 1E-(1), butembodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

In some embodiments, the hole auxiliary layer may include Compound Aselected from Compounds A1 to A15; and

the electron auxiliary layer may further include Compound B selectedfrom Compounds B1 to B9 and Compound E selected from Compounds E1 to E9,but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

When the hole auxiliary layer includes Compound A represented by Formula1A and the electron auxiliary layer includes at least one selected fromCompound B represented by Formula 1B and Compound C represented byFormula 1C, the transporting balance between holes and electrons of theorganic light-emitting device 10 may occur, thereby achieving highefficiency and long life span of the organic light-emitting device 10.

In the electron auxiliary layer, a ratio of a sum total of weights ofCompounds B and C to a sum total of weights of Compounds D and E may befrom about 1:9 to about 9:1, for example, about 3:7 to about 7:3, orabout 4:6 to about 6:4. When the ratio of weights is within any of theseranges, a more efficient transporting balance between holes andelectrons of the organic light-emitting device 10 may be achieved.

A thickness of the hole auxiliary layer may be from about 10 Å to about500 Å, for example, about 50 Å to about 200 Å. A thickness of theelectron auxiliary layer may be from about 10 Å to about 500 Å, forexample, about 50 Å to about 100 Å. When the thicknesses of the holeauxiliary layer and the electron auxiliary layer are within theseranges, a more efficient transporting balance between holes andelectrons of the organic light-emitting device 10 may be achievedwithout a substantial increase in driving voltage.

In one or more embodiments of the present invention,

the hole auxiliary layer and the electron auxiliary layer may eachdirectly contact the emission layer 150,

the hole transport region 130 may further include at least one selectedfrom a hole injection layer (HIL), a hole transport layer (HTL), and abuffer layer, each of which is positioned between the anode and the holeauxiliary layer; and

the electron transport region 170 may further include at least oneselected from an electron transport layer (ETL) and an electroninjection layer (EIL), each of which is positioned between the electronauxiliary layer and the cathode.

For example, the hole transport region 130 may have a structure ofHIL/HTL/hole auxiliary layer, a structure of HIL/HTL/buffer layer/holeauxiliary layer, a structure of HIL/hole auxiliary layer, a structure ofHIL/buffer layer/hole auxiliary layer, a structure of HTL/hole auxiliarylayer, or a structure of HTL/buffer layer/hole auxiliary layer, wherethe layers in each structure are sequentially stacked in the statedorder on the first electrode 110. However, the structure of the holetransport region 130 is not limited thereto.

When the hole transport region 130 includes an HIL, the HIL may beformed on the first electrode 110 by using (utilizing) one or moresuitable methods, such as vacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, aLangmuir-Blodgett (LB) method, ink-jet printing, layer printing, and/orlaser induced thermal imaging (LITI). Methods of forming each of theHTL, the hole auxiliary layer, and the buffer layer may be similar tothe method employed to form the HIL.

When the HIL is formed by vacuum deposition, deposition conditions mayinclude a deposition temperature from about 100° C. to about 500° C., avacuum pressure from about 10⁻⁸ torr to about 10⁻³ torr, and adeposition rate from about 0.01 Å/sec to about 100 Å/sec, which aredetermined according to a compound that is used to form the HIL and astructure of the HIL.

When the HIL is formed by spin coating, coating conditions may include acoating speed from about 2,000 rpm to about 5,000 rpm and a temperatureat which a heat treatment is performed from about 80° C. to about 200°C., which are determined according to a compound that is used to formthe HIL and a structure of the HIL.

The hole transport region 130 may include, for example, at least oneselected from m-MTDATA, TDATA, 2-TNATA, NPB, β-NPB, TPD, Spiro-TPD,Spiro-NPB, methylated NPB, TAPC, HMTPD,4,4′,4″-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine (TCTA),polyaniline/dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (Pani/DBSA),poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT/PSS),polyaniline/camphor sulfonic acid (Pani/CSA),polyaniline/poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PANT/PSS), a compound representedby Formula 201 below, and a compound represented by Formula 202 below:

In Formulae 201 and 202,

descriptions of L₂₀₁ to L₂₀₅ may be each independently understood byreferring to the description presented in connection with L₁,

xa1 to xa4 may be each independently selected from 0, 1, 2, and 3,

xa5 may be selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, and

R₂₀₁ to R₂₀₄ may be each independently selected from a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

For example, in Formulae 201 and 202,

L₂₀₁ to L₂₀₅ may be each independently selected from:

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-fluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a pyridinylene group, apyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, a pyridazinylene group, aquinolinylene group, an isoquinolinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group,a quinazolinylene group, a carbazolylene group, and a triazinylenegroup; and

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aSpiro-fluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a pyridinylene group, apyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, a pyridazinylene group, aquinolinylene group, an isoquinolinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group,a quinazolinylene group, a carbazolylene group, and a triazinylenegroup, each substituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F,—Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an aminogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group,

xa1 to xa4 may be each independently 0, 1, or 2,

xa5 may be 1, 2, or 3, and

R₂₀₁ to R₂₀₄ may be each independently selected from:

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group; and

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group, but embodiments of the presentinvention are not limited thereto.

The compound of Formula 201 may be represented by Formula 201A below:

For example, the compound of Formula 201 may be represented by Formula201A-1 below, but is not limited thereto:

The compound of Formula 202 may be represented by Formula 202A below,but is not limited thereto:

In Formulae 201A, 201A-1, and 202A, descriptions of L₂₀₁ to L₂₀₃, xa1 toxa3, xa5, and R₂₀₂ to R₂₀₄ may be understood by referring to thedescriptions provided herein, and descriptions of R₂₁₁ and R₂₁₂ may beeach independently understood by referring to the descriptions presentedin connection with R₂₀₃. Here, R₂₁₃ to R₂₁₆ may be each independentlyselected from a hydrogen, a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, aC₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, aC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group.

The compound of Formula 201 and the compound of Formula 202 may eachindependently include Compounds HT1 to HT20 below, but are not limitedthereto:

A thickness of the hole transport region 130 may be from about 100 Å toabout 10,000 Å, for example, about 100 Å to about 1,000 Å. When the holetransport region includes both an HIL and an HTL, a thickness of the HILmay be from about 100 Å to about 10,000 Å, for example, about 100 Å toabout 9,950 Å, or about 100 Å to about 1,000 Å, and a thickness of theHTL may be from about 50 Å to about 2,000 Å, for example, about 100 Å toabout 1,500 Å. When the thicknesses of the hole transport region, theHIL, and the HTL are within any of these ranges, satisfactory holetransporting characteristics may be obtained without a substantialincrease in driving voltage.

The hole transport region 130 may further include, in addition to thematerials described above, a charge-generation material for theimprovement of conductive characteristics. The charge-generationmaterial may be homogeneously or non-homogeneously dispersed in the holetransport region.

The charge-generation material may be, for example, a p-dopant. Thep-dopant may be selected from a quinone derivative, a metal oxide, and acyano group-containing compound, but is not limited thereto.Non-limiting examples of the p-dopant include quinone derivatives suchas tetracyanoquinonedimethane (TCNQ) and/or2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-tetracyano-1,4-benzoquinonedimethane (F4-TCNQ);metal oxides such as a tungsten oxide and/or a molybdenum oxide; andcyano group-containing compounds such as Compound HT-D1 below, but arenot limited thereto.

The hole transport region 130 may further include, in addition to theHIL and the HTL, at least one selected from a buffer layer and anelectron blocking layer (EBL). The buffer layer may compensate for anoptical resonance distance of light according to a wavelength of thelight emitted from the emission layer, and thus may improvelight-emission efficiency. In this regard, a material that is includedin the hole transport region may be used (utilized) as a material thatis included in the buffer layer. The EBL may serve as a layer thatprevents or substantially blocks the electrons from being injected fromthe electron transport region 170.

The emission layer 150 may be formed on the first electrode 110 or thehole transport region 130 by using one or more suitable methods, such asvacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, an LB method, and/or LITI.When the emission layer 150 is formed by vacuum deposition and/or spincoating, deposition and coating conditions may be similar to thoseapplied to form the HIL.

When the organic light-emitting device 10 is a full-color organiclight-emitting device, the emission layer may be patterned into a redemission layer, a green emission layer, and a blue emission layer,according to an individual sub-pixel. Alternatively, the emission layermay have a structure of a red emission layer, a green emission layer,and a blue emission layer sequentially stacked in the stated order. Insome embodiments, a material emitting red light, a material emittinggreen light, and a material emitting blue light may have a mixedstructure, without having a division of layers, thereby emitting whitelight.

The emission layer may include a host and a dopant.

The host may include a compound represented by Formula 301 below:

Ar₃₀₁-[(L₃₀₁)_(xb1)-R₃₀₁]_(xb2).  Formula 301

In Formula 301,

Ar₃₀₁ may be selected from:

a naphthalene, a heptalene, a fluorene, a spiro-fluorene, abenzofluorene, a dibenzofluorene, a phenalene, a phenanthrene, ananthracene, a fluoranthene, a triphenylene, a pyrene, a chrysene, anaphthacene, a picene, a perylene, a pentaphene, and anindenoanthracene;

a naphthalene, a heptalene, a fluorene, a spiro-fluorene, abenzofluorene, a dibenzofluorene, a phenalene, a phenanthrene, ananthracene, a fluoranthene, a triphenylene, a pyrene, a chrysene, anaphthacene, a picene, a perylene, a pentaphene, and anindenoanthracene, each substituted with at least one selected from adeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid groupor a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, aC₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₅-C₆₀ arylthio group, aC₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclicgroup, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, and—Si(Q₃₀₁)(Q₃₀₂)(Q₃₀₃) (where Q₃₀₁ to Q₃₀₃ may be each independentlyselected from a hydrogen, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group,a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, and a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl),

description of L₃₀₁ may be understood by referring to the descriptionspresented in connection with L₁,

R₃₀₁ may be selected from:

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group,a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group; and

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group,a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group,a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and atriazinyl group,

xb1 may be selected from 0, 1, 2, and 3, and

xb2 may be selected from 1, 2, 3, and 4.

For example, in Formula 301,

L₃₀₁ may be selected from:

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-fluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a pyrenylene group, and a chrysenylene group; and

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-fluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a pyrenylene group, and a chrysenylene group, each substitutedwith at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group ora salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoricacid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxygroup, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group,a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, and achrysenyl group, and

R₃₀₁ may be selected from:

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group,a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, and a chrysenyl group;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, and a chrysenyl group; and

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, and a chrysenyl group,each substituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl,—Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group,an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylicacid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group,a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, and achrysenyl group, but embodiments of the present invention are notlimited thereto.

For example, the host may include a compound represented by Formula 301Abelow:

Descriptions of substituents of Formula 301A may be understood byreferring to the corresponding descriptions provided herein.

The compound of Formula 301 may include at least one selected fromCompounds H1 to H42 below, but is not limited thereto:

Alternatively, the host may include at least one selected from CompoundsH43 to H49 below, but is not limited thereto:

Alternatively, the host may include one or more of the compounds shownbelow, but is not limited thereto:

The dopant may include a phosphorescent dopant or a fluorescent dopant.

The phosphorescent dopant may include an organic metal complexrepresented by Formula 401 below:

In Formula 401,

M may be selected from iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), osmium (Os),titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), europium (Eu), terbium(Tb), and thulium(Tm),

X₄₀₁ to X₄₀₄ may be each independently nitrogen or carbon,

A₄₀₁ and A₄₀₂ rings may be each independently selected from asubstituted or unsubstituted benzene, a substituted or unsubstitutednaphthalene, a substituted or unsubstituted fluorene, a substituted orunsubstituted spiro-fluorene, a substituted or unsubstituted indene, asubstituted or unsubstituted pyrrole, a substituted or unsubstitutedthiophene, a substituted or unsubstituted furan, a substituted orunsubstituted imidazole, a substituted or unsubstituted pyrazole, asubstituted or unsubstituted thiazole, a substituted or unsubstitutedisothiazole, a substituted or unsubstituted oxazole, a substituted orunsubstituted isooxazole, a substituted or unsubstituted pyridine, asubstituted or unsubstituted pyrazine, a substituted or unsubstitutedpyrimidine, a substituted or unsubstituted pyridazine, a substituted orunsubstituted quinoline, a substituted or unsubstituted isoquinoline, asubstituted or unsubstituted benzoquinoline, a substituted orunsubstituted quinoxaline, a substituted or unsubstituted quinazoline, asubstituted or unsubstituted carbazole, a substituted or unsubstitutedbenzoimidazole, a substituted or unsubstituted benzofuran, a substitutedor unsubstituted benzothiophene, a substituted or unsubstitutedisobenzothiophene, a substituted or unsubstituted benzooxazole, asubstituted or unsubstituted isobenzooxazole, a substituted orunsubstituted triazole, a substituted or unsubstituted oxadiazole, asubstituted or unsubstituted triazine, a substituted or unsubstituteddibenzofuran, and a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzothiophene,

at least one of substituents of the substituted benzene, the substitutednaphthalene, the substituted fluorene, the substituted spiro-fluorene,the substituted indene, the substituted pyrrole, the substitutedthiophene, the substituted furan, the substituted imidazole, thesubstituted pyrazole, the substituted thiazole, the substitutedisothiazole, the substituted oxazole, the substituted isooxazole, thesubstituted pyridine, the substituted pyrazine, the substitutedpyrimidine, the substituted pyridazine, the substituted quinoline, thesubstituted isoquinoline, the substituted benzoquinoline, thesubstituted quinoxaline, the substituted quinazoline, the substitutedcarbazole, the substituted benzoimidazole, the substituted benzofuran,the substituted benzothiophene, the substituted isobenzothiophene, thesubstituted benzooxazole, the substituted isobenzooxazole, thesubstituted triazole, the substituted oxadiazole, the substitutedtriazine, the substituted dibenzofuran, and the substituteddibenzothiophene may be selected from:

a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid groupor a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, and aC₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group,and a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclicgroup(non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group), a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —N(Q₄₀₁)(Q₄₀₂),—Si(Q₄₀₃)(Q₄₀₄)(Q₄₀₅), and —B(Q₄₀₆)(Q₄₀₇);

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₅-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group;

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylgroup, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₅-C₆₀aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, amonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —N(Q₄₁₁)(Q₄₁₂),—Si(Q₄₁₃)(Q₄₁₄)(Q₄₁₅), and —B(Q₄₁₆)(Q₄₁₇); and

—N(Q₄₂₁)(Q₄₂₂), —Si(Q₄₂₃)(Q₄₂₄)(Q₄₂₅), and —B(Q₄₂₆)(Q₄₂₇),

where Q₄₀₁ to Q₄₀₇, Q₄₁₁ to Q₄₁₇, and Q₄₂₁ to Q₄₂₇ are as defined below,

L₄₀₁ may be an organic ligand,

xc1 may be 1, 2, or 3, and

xc2 may be 0, 1, 2, or 3.

In some embodiments, L₄₀₁ may be a monovalent organic ligand, a divalentorganic ligand, or a trivalent organic ligand. For example, L₄₀₁ may beselected from a halogen ligand (e.g., or F), a diketone ligand (e.g.,acetylacetonate, 1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propanedionate,2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionate, or hexafluoroacetonate), acarboxylic acid ligand (e.g., picolinate, dimethyl-3-pyrazolecarboxylateor benzoate), a carbon monoxide ligand, an isonitrile ligand, a cyanoligand, and a phosphorus ligand (e.g., phosphine or phosphite), but isnot limited thereto.

In some embodiments, Q₄₀₁ to Q₄₀₇, Q₄₁₁ to Q₄₁₇, and Q₄₂₁ to Q₄₂₇ may beeach independently selected from a hydrogen, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, aC₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, and a C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup.

When A₄₀₁ in Formula 401 has 2 or more substituents, 2 or moresubstituents of A₄₀₁ may be bonded to each other to form a saturatedring or an unsaturated ring.

When A₄₀₂ in Formula 401 has 2 or more substituents, 2 or moresubstituents of A₄₀₂ may be bonded to each other to form a saturatedring or an unsaturated ring.

When xc1 in Formula 401 is 2 or more, a plurality of ligands

in Formula 401 may be identical to or different from each other. Whenxc1 in Formula 401 is 2 or more, A₄₀₁ and/or A₄₀₂ of one ligand may beeach respectively bonded to A₄₀₁ and/or A₄₀₂ of other neighboringligands, directly (e.g., via a single bond) or via a linking group(e.g., a C₁-C₅ alkylene group, —N(R′)— (where R′ is a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl groupor a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group), and/or —C(═O)—).

The phosphorescent dopant may be, for example, selected from CompoundsPD1 to PD75 below, but is not limited thereto:

The fluorescent dopant may include a compound represented by Formula 501below:

In Formula 501,

Ar₅₀₁ may be selected from:

a naphthalene, a heptalene, a fluorene, a spiro-fluorene, abenzofluorene, a dibenzofluorene, a phenalene, a phenanthrene, ananthracene, a fluoranthene, a triphenylene, a pyrene, a chrysene, anaphthacene, a picene, a perylene, a pentaphene, and anindenoanthracene; and

a naphthalene, a heptalene, a fluorene, a spiro-fluorene, abenzofluorene, a dibenzofluorene, a phenalene, a phenanthrene, ananthracene, a fluoranthene, a triphenylene, a pyrene, a chrysene, anaphthacene, a picene, a perylene, a pentaphene, and anindenoanthracene, each substituted with at least one selected from of adeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid groupor a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, aC₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, aC₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclicgroup, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, and—Si(Q₅₀₁)(Q₅₀₂)(Q₅₀₃) (where Q₅₀₁ to Q₅₀₃ may be each independentlyselected from a hydrogen, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group,a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, and a C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group),

descriptions of L₅₀₁ to L₅₀₃ may be understood by referring to thedescriptions presented in connection with L₁,

R₅₀₁ and R₅₀₂ may be each independently selected from:

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, a carbazole group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group; and

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group, each substitutedwith at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group ora salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoricacid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxygroup, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group,a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group,a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, atriazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group,

xd1 to xd3 may be each independently selected from 0, 1, 2, and 3, and

xd4 may be selected from 1, 2, 3, and 4.

The fluorescent host may include at least one selected from CompoundsFD1 to FD9 below:

In the emission layer 150, an amount of the dopant may be from about0.01 to about 15 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of thehost, but is not limited thereto.

A thickness of the emission layer 150 may be from about 100 Å to about1,000 Å, for example, about 200 Å to about 600 Å. When the thickness ofthe emission layer is within these ranges, excellent emissioncharacteristics may be obtained without a substantial increase indriving voltage.

Next, the electron transport region 170 may be positioned on theemission layer 150.

The electron transport region 170 may include, in addition to theelectron auxiliary layer, at least one selected from an electrontransport layer (ETL) and an electron injection layer (EIL).

For example, the electron transport region 170 may have a structure ofelectron auxiliary layer/ETL/EIL, where the layers are sequentiallystacked in the stated order from the emission layer 150. However, thestructure of the electron transport region 170 is not limited thereto.

Methods of forming each of the electron auxiliary layer, the ETL, andthe EIL may be similar to that applied to form the HIL.

The ETL may include at least one selected from a compound represented byFormula 601 below and a compound represented by Formula 602 below:

Ar₆₀₁-[(L₆₀₁)_(xe1)-E₆₀₁]_(xe2).  Formula 601

In Formula 601,

Ar₆₀₁ may be selected from:

a naphthalene, a heptalene, a fluorene, a spiro-fluorene, abenzofluorene, a dibenzofluorene, a phenalene, a phenanthrene, ananthracene, a fluoranthene, a triphenylene, a pyrene, a chrysene, anaphthacene, a picene, a perylene, a pentaphene, and anindenoanthracene; and

a naphthalene, a heptalene, a fluorene, a spiro-fluorene, abenzofluorene, a dibenzofluorene, a phenalene, a phenanthrene, ananthracene, a fluoranthene, a triphenylene, a pyrene, a chrysene, anaphthacene, a picene, a perylene, a pentaphene, and anindenoanthracene, each substituted with at least one selected from adeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid groupor a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, aC₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, aC₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclicgroup, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, and—Si(Q₃₀₁)(Q₃₀₂)(Q₃₀₃) (where Q₃₀₁ to Q₃₀₃ may be each independently ahydrogen, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, or a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group),

descriptions of L₆₀₁ may be understood by referring to the descriptionspresented in connection with L₂₀₁,

E₆₀₁ may be selected from:

a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolylgroup, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, anoxazolyl group, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, anindolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group,an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, anaphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, anacridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, anisobenzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolylgroup, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, atriazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, abenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, an imidazopyridinylgroup, and an imidazopyrimidinyl group; and

a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolylgroup, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, anoxazolyl group, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, anindolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group,an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, anaphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, anacridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, anisobenzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolylgroup, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, atriazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, abenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, an imidazopyridinylgroup, and an imidazopyrimidinyl group, each substituted with at leastone selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, aphenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, anazulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenylgroup, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenylgroup, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, apicenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenylgroup, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, anovalenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group,an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, anisothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, anisoindolyl group, an indolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group,a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, aphthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, aphenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, aphenazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolylgroup, an isobenzooxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group,an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolylgroup, an imidazopyridinyl group, and an imidazopyrimidinyl group,

xe1 may be selected from 0, 1, 2, and 3, and

xe2 may be selected from 1, 2, 3, and 4, and

in Formula 602,

X₆₁₁ may be N or C-(L₆₁₁)_(xe611)-R₆₁₁, X₆₁₂ may be N orC-(L₆₁₂)_(xe612)-R₆₁₂, and X₆₁₃ may be N or C-(L₆₁₃)_(xe613)-R₆₁₃,wherein at least one of X₆₁₁ to X₆₁₃ is N,

descriptions of L₆₁₁ to L₆₁₆ may be each independently understood byreferring to the descriptions presented in connection with L¹,

R₆₁₁ to R₆₁₆ may be each independently selected from:

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group; and

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group, and

xe611 to xe616 may be each independently selected from 0, 1, 2, and 3.

The compound of Formula 601 and the compound of Formula 602 may be eachindependently selected from Compounds ET1 to ET15 below, but are notlimited thereto:

In some embodiments, the ETL may include at least one selected from BCPand Bphen (illustrated above) and Alq₃, Balq, TAZ, and NTAZ (illustratedbelow):

A thickness of the ETL may be from about 100 Å to about 1,000 Å, forexample, about 150 Å to about 500 Å. When the thickness of the ETL iswithin these ranges, excellent electron transporting characteristics maybe obtained without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

The ETL may further include, in addition to the materials describedabove, a metal-containing material.

The metal-containing material may include a Li complex. The Li complexmay include, for example, Compound ET-D1 (e.g., lithium quinolate (LiQ))or ET-D2 below.

The electron transport region 170 may include an EIL that facilitateselectron injection from the second electrode 190.

The EIL may be formed on the ETL by using one or more suitable methods,such as vacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, an LB method, and/orLITI. When the EIL is formed by vacuum deposition and/or spin coating,deposition and coating conditions may be similar to those applied toform the HIL.

The EIL may include at least one selected from LiF, NaCl, CsF, Li₂O,BaO, and LiQ.

A thickness of the EIL may be from about 1 Å to about 100 Å, forexample, about 3 Å to about 90 Å. When the thickness of the EIL iswithin these ranges, satisfactory electron injecting characteristics maybe obtained without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

The second electrode 190 may be positioned on the electron transportregion 170. The second electrode 190 may be a cathode, which is anelectron injection electrode. Here, a material for forming the secondelectrode 190 may be a material having a low work function, such as ametal, an alloy, an electrically conductive compound, or a mixturethereof. Non-limiting examples of the material for forming the secondelectrode 190 may include lithium (Li), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al),aluminum-lithium (Al—Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg—In), andmagnesium-silver (Mg—Ag). In some embodiments, the material for formingthe second electrode 190 may include ITO or IZO. The second electrode190 may be a semi-transmissive electrode or a transmissive electrode.

A C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group used herein refers to a linear or branchedaliphatic hydrocarbon monovalent group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms inthe main chain, and non-limiting examples thereof include a methylgroup, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butylgroup, a ter-butyl group, a pentyl group, an iso-amyl group, and a hexylgroup. A C₁-C₆₀ alkylene group used herein refers to a divalent grouphaving the same structure as the C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group.

A C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group used herein refers to a monovalent grouprepresented by —OA₁₀₁ (where A₁₀₁ is the C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group), andnon-limiting examples thereof include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group,and an isopropyloxy group.

A C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group used herein refers to a hydrocarbon group havingat least one carbon-carbon double bond at one or more positions along acarbon chain of the C₂-C₆₀ alkyl group (for example, in the middle or ateither terminal end of the C₂-C₆₀ alkyl group), and non-limitingexamples thereof include an ethenyl group, a propenyl group, and abutenyl group. A C₂-C₆₀ alkenylene group used herein refers to adivalent group having the same structure as the C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group.

A C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group used herein refers to a hydrocarbon group havingat least one carbon-carbon triple bond at one or more positions along acarbon chain of the C₂-C₆₀ alkyl group (for example, in the middle or ateither terminal end of the C₂-C₆₀ alkyl group), and non-limitingexamples thereof include an ethynyl group and a propynyl group. A C₂-C₆₀alkynylene group used herein refers to a divalent group having the samestructure as the C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group.

A C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group used herein refers to a monovalent hydrocarbonmonocyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms as ring-forming atoms, andnon-limiting examples thereof include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutylgroup, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, and a cycloheptyl group.A C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group used herein refers to a divalent grouphaving the same structure as the C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group.

A C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group used herein refers to a monovalentmonocyclic group having at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si,P and S as a ring-forming atom and 1 to 10 carbon atoms as the remainingring-forming atoms, and non-limiting examples thereof include atetrahydrofuranyl group and a tetrahydrothiophenyl group. A C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkylene group used herein refers to a divalent group havingthe same structure as the C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group.

A C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group used herein refers to a monovalentmonocyclic group that has 3 to 10 carbon atoms as ring-forming atoms andat least one double bond in the ring thereof and does not havearomaticity, and non-limiting examples thereof include a cyclopentenylgroup, a cyclohexenyl group, and a cycloheptenyl group. A C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group used herein refers to a divalent group having thesame structure as the C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group.

A C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group used herein refers to a monovalentmonocyclic group that has at least one heteroatom selected from N, O,Si, P, and S as a ring-forming atom, 1 to 10 carbon atoms as theremaining ring-forming atoms, and at least one double bond in its ring.Non-limiting examples of the C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group include a2,3-hydrofuranyl group and a 2,3-hydrothiophenyl group. A C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group used herein refers to a divalent grouphaving the same structure as the C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group.

A C₆-C₆₀ aryl group used herein refers to a monovalent group having acarbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms as ring-formingatoms, and a C₆-C₆₀ arylene group used herein refers to a divalent grouphaving a carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms.Non-limiting examples of the C₆-C₆₀ aryl group include a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, a pyrenylgroup, and a chrysenyl group. When the C₆-C₆₀ aryl group and/or theC₆-C₆₀ arylene group include two or more rings, these rings may be fusedto each other.

A C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group used herein refers to a monovalent grouphaving a carbocyclic aromatic system that has at least one heteroatomselected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a ring-forming atom, and 1 to 60carbon atoms as the remaining ring-forming atoms. A C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup used herein refers to a divalent group having a carbocyclicaromatic system that has at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, P,and S as a ring-forming atom, and 1 to 60 carbon atoms as the remainingring-forming atoms. Non-limiting examples of the C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl groupinclude a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, apyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, and anisoquinolinyl group. When the C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group and/or the C₁-C₆₀heteroarylene group include two or more rings, these rings may be fusedto each other.

A C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group used herein refers to a monovalent grouprepresented by —OA₁₀₂ (where A₁₀₂ is the C₆-C₆₀ aryl group), and aC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group used herein refers to a monovalent grouprepresented by —SA₁₀₃ (where A₁₀₃ is the C₆-C₆₀ aryl group).

A monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group used herein refersto a monovalent group that has two or more rings condensed to eachother, has only carbon atoms as ring-forming atoms (e.g., 8 to 60 carbonatoms), and does not have overall aromaticity. A non-limiting example ofthe monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group is a fluorenylgroup. A divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group used hereinrefers to a divalent group having the same structure as the monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group.

A monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group used hereinrefers to a monovalent group that has two or more rings condensed toeach other, has at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and Sas a ring-forming atom, and carbon atoms as the remaining ring-formingatoms (e.g., 1 to 60 carbon atoms), and does not have overallaromaticity. A non-limiting example of the monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group is a carbazolyl group. A divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group used herein refers to adivalent group having the same structure as the monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group.

At least one of substituents of the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylenegroup, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, the substitutedC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylene group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylene group, thesubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylene group, the substituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, the substituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, the substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, the substitutedC₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, thesubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, thesubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀arylthio group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, the substitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and the substitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group may be selectedfrom:

a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid groupor a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, and aC₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group,and a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, and—Si(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂)(Q₁₃);

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenylgroup, and a terphenyl group;

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenylgroup, and a terphenyl group, each substituted with at least oneselected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynylgroup, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, aC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, and —Si(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂)(Q₂₃); and

—Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), and

Q₁₁ to Q₁₃, Q₂₁ to Q₂₃, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may be each independentlyselected from a hydrogen, a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, aC₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, amonovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenylgroup, and a terphenyl group.

The term “Ph” used herein refers to a phenyl group, the term “Me” usedherein refers to a methyl group, the term “Et” used herein refers to anethyl group, and the term “ter-Bu” or “Bu^(t)” used herein refers to atert-butyl group.

The term “a biphenyl group” used herein refers to a monovalentsubstituent in which two benzene rings are connected to each other by asingle bond, and the term “a terphenyl group” used herein refers to amonovalent substituent in which three benzene rings are connected toeach other by a single bond.

EXAMPLES Example 1

A 15 Ω/cm² (500 Å) ITO glass substrate (manufactured by Corning) was cutinto a size of 50 mm×50 mm×0.5 mm and ultrasonically washed out withisopropyl alcohol and pure water, in each for 10 minutes. Afterwards,the ITO glass substrate was irradiated by UV for 10 minutes, cleaned byexposing to ozone, and then, transported to a vacuum evaporator.

2-TNATA was vacuum deposited on the obtained ITO anode to form an HILhaving a thickness of 600 Å. Then, Compound NPB was vacuum deposited onthe HIL to form an HTL having a thickness of 300 Å.

Compound A1 was vacuum deposited on the HTL to form a hole auxiliarylayer having a thickness of 100 Å.

MADN (as a host) and Compound FD1 (as a dopant) were co-deposited on thehole auxiliary layer at a weight ratio of 95:5 to form an emission layerhaving a thickness of 300 Å.

Compound B1 and Compound E1 were co-deposited on the emission layer at aweight ratio of 5:5 to form an electron auxiliary layer having athickness of 50 Å.

Alq₃ was vacuum deposited on the electron auxiliary layer to form an ETLhaving a thickness of 300 Å, LIF was vacuum deposited on the ETL to forman EIL having a thickness of 10 Å, and Al was vacuum deposited on theETIL to form a cathode having a thickness of 1,200 Å, therebymanufacturing an organic light-emitting device.

Examples 2 to 15 to Comparative Examples 1 to 10

Organic light-emitting devices were manufactured in the same (orsubstantially the same) manner as in Example 1, except that in formingthe hole auxiliary layer and the electron auxiliary layer, the compoundsshown in Table 1 below were used, respectively.

Evaluation Example 1

The organic light-emitting devices of Examples 1 to 15 and ComparativeExamples 1 to 10 were evaluated in terms of efficiency and lifespan(T₉₅) by using Keithley SMU 236 and luminance meter PR650. The resultsare shown in Table 1 below. The lifespan (T₉₅) is data measuring timesat which brightness of the organic light-emitting device becomes 95%with respect to initial brightness thereof, after driving the organiclight-emitting device.

TABLE 1 Hole aux- Electron auxiliary layer Effi- Lifespan iliaryCompound Compound Weight ciency (T₉₅) layer B E ratio (cd/A) (350 nit)Example 1 A1  B1 E1 5:5 5.2 130 Example 2 A2  B1 E1 7:3 5 120 Example 3A3  B1 E2 5:5 5.1 120 Example 4 A8  B1 E2 7:3 5.6 110 Example 5 A9  B1E2 4:6 5.5 130 Example 6 A13 B1 E3 5:5 5.4 110 Example 7 A14 B1 E5 5:55.5 120 Example 8 A15 B1 E7 5:5 5.6 130 Example 9 A2  B2 E1 5:5 5.4 120Example 10 A8  B2 E2 7:3 5.3 130 Example 11 A13 B2 E2 3:7 5.1 100Example 12 A15 B2 E3 4:6 5.2 110 Example 13 A14 B5 E6 5:5 5.3 110Example 14 A15 B8 E7 7:3 5.4 140 Example 15 A14 B9 E4 5:5 5.5 120Comparative — — — — 3.7 55 Example 1 Comparative A1  — — — 4.6 47Example 2 Comparative — B1 — — 4.5 35 Example 3 Comparative A15 — — —4.4 50 Example 4 Comparative — B2 — — 4.7 60 Example 5 Comparative A1  —E1 — 5.5 70 Example 6 Comparative A15 B1 — — 3.9 68 Example 7Comparative X1 Y1 — — 4.2 75 Example 8 Comparative X2 Y2 — — 4.3 84Example 9 Comparative — TAZ mCP 5:5 3.9 47 Example 10

Referring to Table 1 above, the organic light-emitting devices ofExamples 1 to 15 had higher efficiency than that of most of the organiclight-emitting devices of Comparative Examples 1 to 10 and longerlifespan characteristics than those of the organic light-emittingdevices of Comparative Examples 1 to 10.

Example 21

A 15 Ω/cm² (500 Å) ITO glass substrate (manufactured by Corning) was cutinto a size of 50 mm×50 mm×0.5 mm and ultrasonically washed out withisopropyl alcohol and pure water, in each for 10 minutes. Afterwards,the ITO glass substrate was irradiated by UV for 10 minutes, cleaned byexposing to ozone, and then, transported to a vacuum evaporator.

2-TNATA was vacuum deposited on the ITO anode to form an HIL having athickness of 600 Å. Then, NPB was vacuum deposited on the HIL to form anHTL having a thickness of 300 Å.

Compound A1 was vacuum deposited on the HTL to form a hole auxiliarylayer having a thickness of 100 Å.

CBP (as a host) and Compound PD75 (as a dopant) were co-deposited on thehole auxiliary layer at a weight ratio of 92:8 to form an emission layerhaving a thickness of 300 Å.

Compound B1 and Compound E1 were co-deposited on the emission layer at aweight ratio of 5:5 to form an electron auxiliary layer having athickness of 50 Å.

Alq₃ was vacuum deposited on the electron auxiliary layer to form an ETLhaving a thickness of 300 Å, LiF was vacuum deposited on the ETL to forman EIL having a thickness of 10 Å, and Al was vacuum deposited on theETIL to form a cathode having a thickness of 1,200 Å, therebymanufacturing an organic light-emitting device.

Examples 22 to 35 to Comparative Examples 21 to 30

Organic light-emitting devices were manufactured in the same (orsubstantially the same) manner as in Example 21, except that in formingthe hole auxiliary layer and the electron auxiliary layer, the compoundsshown in Table 2 below were used, respectively.

Evaluation Example 2

The organic light-emitting devices of Examples 21 to 35 and ComparativeExamples 21 to 30 were evaluated in terms of efficiency and lifespan(T₉₅) by using Keithley SMU 236 and luminance meter PR650. The resultsare shown in Table 1 below. The lifespan (T₉₅) is data measuring timesat which brightness of the organic light-emitting device becomes 95%with respect to initial brightness thereof after driving the organiclight-emitting device.

TABLE 2 Hole aux- Electron auxiliary layer Effi- Lifespan iliaryCompound Compound Weight ciency (T₉₅) layer B E ratio (cd/A) (4500 nit)Example 21 A1  B1 E1 5:5 94 450 Example 22 A1  B1 E1 4:6 86 426 Example23 A2  B1 E2 5:5 90 474 Example 24 A8  B1 E2 7:3 91 448 Example 25 A9 B1 E2 4:6 81 479 Example 26 A13 B1 E3 5:5 86 467 Example 27 A14 B1 E55:5 85 425 Example 28 A15 B1 E7 5:5 90 488 Example 29 A2  B2 E1 5:5 80451 Example 30 A8  B2 E2 7:3 79 498 Example 31 A13 B2 E2 3:7 74 503Example 32 A15 B2 E3 4:6 77 501 Example 33 A14 B5 E6 5:5 82 446 Example34 A15 B8 E7 7:3 84 491 Example 35 A14 B9 E4 5:5 79 479 Comparative — —— — 64 165 Example 21 Comparative A1  — — — 71 184 Example 22Comparative — B1 — — 62 176 Example 23 Comparative A15 — — — 74 191Example 24 Comparative — B2 — — 67 167 Example 25 Comparative A1  — E1 —66 204 Example 26 Comparative A15 B1 — — 72 227 Example 27 ComparativeX1 Y1 — — 69 235 Example 28 Comparative X2 Y2 — — 71 217 Example 29Comparative — TAZ mCP 5:5 77 156 Example 30

Referring to Table 2 above, the organic light-emitting devices ofExamples 21 to 35 had higher efficiency than that of most of the organiclight-emitting devices of Comparative Examples 21 to 30 and longerlifespan characteristics than those of the organic light-emittingdevices of Comparative Examples 21 to 30.

As described above, according to one or more embodiments of the presentinvention, an organic light-emitting device may have high efficiency andlong life span characteristics.

It should be understood that the exemplary embodiments described thereinshould be considered in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes oflimitation. Descriptions of features or aspects within each exemplaryembodiment should typically be considered as available for other similarfeatures or aspects in other exemplary embodiments.

While one or more exemplary embodiments have been described withreference to the drawing, it will be understood by those of ordinaryskill in the art that various changes in form and details may be madetherein without departing from the spirit and scope as defined by thefollowing claims and equivalents thereof.

What is claimed is:
 1. An organic light-emitting device comprising: afirst electrode; a second electrode; an emission layer between the firstelectrode and the second electrode; a hole transport region between thefirst electrode and the emission layer; and an electron transport regionbetween the emission layer and the second electrode, wherein the holetransport region comprises a hole auxiliary layer and the electrontransport region comprises an electron auxiliary layer, and wherein thehole auxiliary layer comprises Compound A represented by Formula 1A, andthe electron auxiliary layer comprises at least one selected fromCompound B represented by Formula 1B and Compound C represented byFormula 1C:

wherein, in Formulae 1A to 1C, L₁ to L₃ are each independently selectedfrom a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylene group, a substitutedor unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylene group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₆₀ heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a substituted orunsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,L₁₁ to L₁₃ and L₂₁ to L₂₄ are each independently selected from asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group, a substitutedor unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylene group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylene group, and a substituted or unsubstituteddivalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a1 to a3, a11 to a13,and a21 to a24 are each independently an integer selected from 0 to 3,Ar₁ to Ar₆ are each independently selected from a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, wherein Ar₁ and Ar₂ areoptionally linked with each other to form a saturated or unsaturatedC₅-C₂₀ ring, Ar₃ and Ar₄ are optionally linked with each other to form asaturated or unsaturated C₅-C₂₀ ring, and Ar_(y) and Ar₆ are optionallylinked with each other to form a saturated or unsaturated C₅-C₂₀ ring,R₁ to R₄, R₁₁ to R₁₃, and R₂₁ to R₂₆ are each independently selectedfrom a hydrogen, a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, and —Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃), b1 to b4, b11 tob13, and b21 to b26 are each independently an integer selected from 0 to4, ET₁₁ to ET₁₃ and ET₂₁ to ET₂₄ are each independently selected fromelectron transporting moieties, d11 to d13, d23, and d24 are eachindependently an integer selected from 1 to 3, c1 to c3, oil to c13, andc21 to c24 are each independently an integer selected from 0 to 4,wherein a sum of c1, c2, and c3 is 1 or more, a sum of c11, c12, and c13is 1 or more, and a sum of c21, c22, c23, and c24 is 1 or more, at leastone of substituents of the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group, thesubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenylenegroup, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylene group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀heteroarylene group, the substituted divalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, the substituted divalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, thesubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, the substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group,the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylgroup, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, the substitutedC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenylgroup, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxygroup, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group is selected from: a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I,a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, and a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group; aC₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, anda C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one selected froma deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid groupor a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, amonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, and —Si(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂)(Q₁₃); aC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenylgroup, and a terphenyl group; a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₅-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, aC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenylgroup, each substituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F,—Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an aminogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkylgroup, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxygroup, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, aC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, and—Si(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂)(Q₂₃); and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), and Q₁ to Q₃, Q₁₁ to Q₁₃,Q₂₁ to Q₂₃, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ are each independently selected from ahydrogen, a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynylgroup, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, amonovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenylgroup, and a terphenyl group.
 2. The organic light-emitting device ofclaim 1, wherein L₁ to L₃, L₁₁ to L₁₃, and L₂₁ to L₂₄ are eachindependently selected from: a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, afluorenylene group, a spiro-fluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylenegroup, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, atriphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, and a chrysenylene group;and a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-fluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylenegroup, and a chrysenylene group, each substituted with at least oneselected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ areeach independently selected from a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxygroup, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-fluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group.
 3. The organiclight-emitting device of claim 1, wherein L₁ to L₃ are eachindependently selected from groups represented by Formulae 3-1 to 3-35,and L₁₁ to L₁₃ and L₂₁ to L₂₄ are each independently selected from thegroups represented by Formulae 3-1 to 3-9, 3-25, and 3-33 to 3-35:

in Formulae 3-1 to 3-35, Y₁ is O, S, C(Z₃)(Z₄), N(Z₅), or Si(Z₆)(Z₇), Z₁to Z₇ are each independently selected from a hydrogen, a deuterium, —F,—Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an aminogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), d1 is an integer selected from 1 to 4, d2an integer selected from 1 to 3, d3 an integer selected from 1 to 6, d4an integer selected from 1 to 8, d5 is 1 ort, d6 is an integer selectedfrom 1 to 5, and * and *′ is a binding site to a neighboring atom, andwherein, in Formulae 3-3 and 3-4, Y₁ is C(Z₃)(Z₄).
 4. The organiclight-emitting device of claim 1, wherein Ar₁ to Ar₆ are eachindependently selected from: a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group, anindenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group,an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group,a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, apentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenylgroup, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolylgroup, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, anisooxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, anindazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinylgroup, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinylgroup, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, abenzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group,a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, atetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group a dibenzosilolyl group, a thiadiazolylgroup, an imidazopyridinyl group, and an imidazopyrimidinyl group; and aphenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, anazulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenylgroup, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenylgroup, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, apicenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenylgroup, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, anovalenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group,an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, anisothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, anisoindolyl group, an indolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group,a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, aphthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, aphenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, aphenazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolylgroup, an isobenzooxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group,an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzosilolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an imidazopyridinylgroup, and an in imidazopyrimidinyl group, each substituted with atleast one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group,a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, acyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, acyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a pentalenylgroup, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, aheptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, apyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolylgroup, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, anoxazolyl group, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, anindolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group,an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, anaphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, anacridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, anisobenzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolylgroup, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, atriazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, abenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group,an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ areeach independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxygroup, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group,a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group,a furanyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolylgroup, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isooxazolyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinylgroup, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolylgroup, an isobenzooxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, an oxadiazolylgroup, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group,an imidazopyrimidinyl group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group. 5.The organic light-emitting device of claim 1, wherein Ar₁ to Ar₆ areeach independently selected from groups represented by Formulae 5-1 to5-75 below:

wherein, in Formulae 5-1 to 5-75, Y₃₁ is O, S, C(Z₃₃)(Z₃₄), N(Z₃₅), orSi(Z₃₆)(Z₃₇), Z₃₁ to Z₃₇ are each independently selected from ahydrogen, a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group,an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ are eachindependently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group,a phenyl group, and a naphthyl group, e2 may be an integer selected from1 to 2, e3 is an integer selected from 1 to 3, e4 is an integer selectedfrom 1 to 4, e5 is an integer selected from 1 to 5, e6 is an integerselected from 1 to 6, e7 is an integer selected from 1 to 7, e9 is aninteger selected from 1 to 9, and * is a binding site to a neighboringatom.
 6. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1, wherein inFormula 1A, at least one of *—N(Ar₁)(Ar₂), *—N(Ar₃)(Ar₄), and*—N(Ar₅)(Ar₆) is selected from groups represented by Formulae 7-1 to7-3:

wherein, in Formulae 7-1 to 7-3, Z₃₁ and Z₃₂ are each independentlyselected from a hydrogen, a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, aphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ are eachindependently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group,a phenyl group, and a naphthyl group, e4 is an integer selected from 1to 4, e6 is an integer selected from 1 to 6, and * is a binding site toa neighboring atom.
 7. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1,wherein ET₁₁ to ET₁₃ and ET₂₁ to ET₂₄ are each independently selectedfrom: a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, animidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolylgroup, an oxazolyl group, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolylgroup, an indolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, aphthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, anacridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolylgroup, an isobenzooxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group,an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, animidazopyridinyl group, and an imidazopyrimidinyl group; and a pyrrolylgroup, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolyl group, apyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolylgroup, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, apyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolylgroup, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, anaphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, anisobenzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolylgroup, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, atriazinyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, and animidazopyrimidinyl group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, acyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, acyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenylgroup, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, anindacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group,a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, apentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenylgroup, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolylgroup, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, anisooxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, anindazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinylgroup, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinylgroup, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, abenzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group,a benzooxazolyl group, an isobenzooxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, atetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, animidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ are eachindependently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group,a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group,an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, anisothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isooxazolyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzooxazolylgroup, an isobenzooxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, an oxadiazolylgroup, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group,an imidazopyrimidinyl group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group. 8.The organic light-emitting device of claim 1, wherein ET₁₁ to ET₁₃ andET₂₁ to ET₂₄ are each independently selected from groups represented byFormulae 5-21 to 5-75 below:

wherein, in Formulae 5-21 to 5-75, Y₃₁ is O, S, C(Z₃₃)(Z₃₄), N(Z₃₅), orSi(Z₃₆)(Z₃₇), Z₃₁ to Z₃₇ are each independently selected from ahydrogen, a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group,an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ are eachindependently a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenylgroup, and a naphthyl group, e2 may be an integer selected from 1 to 2,e3 is an integer selected from 1 to 3, e4 is an integer selected from 1to 4, e5 is an integer selected from 1 to 5, e6 is an integer selectedfrom 1 to 6, e7 is an integer selected from 1 to 7, e9 is an integerselected from 1 to 9, and * is a binding site to a neighboring atom. 9.The organic light-emitting device of claim 1, wherein ET₁₁ to ET₁₃ andET₂₁ to ET₂₄ are each independently selected from groups represented byFormulae 10-1 to 10-117:

wherein, in Formulae 10-1 to 10-117, * is a binding site to aneighboring atom.
 10. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1,wherein Compound A is represented by one of Formulae 1A-1 to 1A-4,Compound B is represented by one of Formulae 1B-1 and 1B-2, and CompoundC is represented by one of Formulae 1C-1 to 1C-3:


11. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1, wherein Compound A isselected from Compounds A1 to A15, Compound B is selected from CompoundsB1 to B9, and Compound C is selected from Compounds C1 to C8:


12. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1, wherein the electronauxiliary layer further comprises at least one selected from Compound Drepresented by Formula 1D and Compound E represented by Formula 1E:

wherein, in Formulae 1D and 1E, L₃₁ to L₃₃, L₄₁, and L₄₂ are eachindependently selected from: a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group,an indenylene group, a naphthylene group, an azulenylene group, aheptalenylene group, an indacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, afluorenylene group, a spiro-fluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylenegroup, a dibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, aphenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylenegroup, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylenegroup, a naphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylenegroup, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylenegroup, a rubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, an ovalenylene group,a thiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, abenzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylenegroup, a dibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, and adibenzocarbazolylene group; and a phenylene group, a pentalenylenegroup, an indenylene group, a naphthylene group, an azulenylene group, aheptalenylene group, an indacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, afluorenylene group, a spiro-fluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylenegroup, a dibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, aphenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylenegroup, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylenegroup, a naphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylenegroup, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylenegroup, a rubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, an ovalenylene group,a thiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, abenzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylenegroup, a dibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, and adibenzocarbazolylene group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, acyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, acyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenylgroup, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, anindacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group,a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, apentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenylgroup, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, afuranyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and—Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), a31 to a33, a41, and a42 are each independently aninteger selected from 0 to 3, R₄₁ to R₄₄ are each independently selectedfrom: a hydrogen, a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxygroup; a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substitutedwith at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group ora salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, and aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof; a phenyl group, a pentalenylgroup, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, aheptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzofuranylgroup, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolylgroup, and a dibenzosilolyl group; a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group,an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenylgroup, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group,a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, apentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenylgroup, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, afuranyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, and adibenzosilolyl group, each substituted with at least one selected from adeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid groupor a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₁₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexylgroup, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group,a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group,an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, anacenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenylgroup, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, ahexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, a coronenylgroup, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, acarbazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃); and —Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃),b41 to b44 are each independently an integer selected from 0 to 4, HT₃₁to HT₃₃, HT₄₁, and HT₄₂ are each independently a hole transportingmoiety, d31 to d33 are each independently an integer selected from 1 to3, c31 to c33 are each independently an integer selected from 0 to 4,wherein a sum of c31, c32, and c33 is 1 or more, c41 and c42 are eachindependently an integer selected from 1 to 4, and Q₁ to Q₃ and Q₃₁ toQ₃₃ are each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, anaphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenylgroup, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spires-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenylgroup, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, anaphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenylgroup, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, acoronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group,a carbazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, and a dibenzosilolyl group.
 13. Theorganic light-emitting device of claim 12, wherein HT₃₁ to HT₃₃,HT_(4i), and HT₄₂ are each independently selected from: a phenyl group,a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenylgroup, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzofuranylgroup, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolylgroup, and a dibenzosilolyl group; and a phenyl group, a pentalenylgroup, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, aheptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzofuranylgroup, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolylgroup, and a dibenzosilolyl group, each substituted with at least oneselected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentylgroup, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, acyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenylgroup, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, anindacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group,a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, apentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenylgroup, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, afuranyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and—Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃).
 14. The organic light-emitting device of claim 12,wherein HT₃₁ to HT₃₃, HT₄₁, and HT₄₂ are each independently selectedfrom groups represented by Formulae 5-1 to 5-20:

wherein, in Formulae 5-1 to 5-20, Y₃₁ is O, S, C(Z₃₃)(Z₃₄), N(Z₃₅), orSi(Z₃₆)(Z₃₇), Z₃₁ to Z₃₇ are each independently selected from ahydrogen, a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenylgroup, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenylgroup, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a carbazolyl group, abiphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), Q₃₁ to Q₃₃are each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, and a naphthyl group, e3 is an integerselected from 1 to 3, e4 is an integer selected from 1 to 4, e5 is aninteger selected from 1 to 5, e6 is an integer selected from 1 to 6, e7is an integer selected from 1 to 7, e9 is an integer selected from 1 to9, and * is a binding site to a neighboring atom.
 15. The organiclight-emitting device of claim 12, wherein Compound D is represented byone of Formulae 1D-1 and 1D-2, and Compound E is represented by one ofFormulae 1E-1 to 1E-3:


16. The organic light-emitting device of claim 12, wherein Compound D isselected from Compounds D1 to D10, and Compound E is selected fromCompounds E1 to E9:


17. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1, wherein the electronauxiliary layer comprises the Compound B and Compound E, Compound Ebeing represented by Formula 1E; or the electron auxiliary layercomprises the Compound C and Compound D, Compound D being represented byFormula 1D:

wherein, in Formulae 1D and 1E, L₃₁ to L₃₃, L₄₁, and L₄₂ are eachindependently selected from: a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group,an indenylene group, a naphthylene group, an azulenylene group, aheptalenylene group, an indacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, afluorenylene group, a spiro-fluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylenegroup, a dibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, aphenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylenegroup, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylenegroup, a naphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylenegroup, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylenegroup, a rubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, an ovalenylene group,a thiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, abenzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylenegroup, a dibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, and adibenzocarbazolylene group; and a phenylene group, a pentalenylenegroup, an indenylene group, a naphthylene group, an azulenylene group, aheptalenylene group, an indacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, afluorenylene group, a spiro-fluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylenegroup, a dibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, aphenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylenegroup, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylenegroup, a naphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylenegroup, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylenegroup, a rubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, an ovalenylene group,a thiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, abenzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylenegroup, a dibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, and adibenzocarbazolylene group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, acyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, acyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenylgroup, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, anindacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group,a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, apentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenylgroup, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, afuranyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and—Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), a31 to a33, a41, and a42 are each independently aninteger selected from 0 to 3, R₄₁ to R₄₄ are each independently selectedfrom: a hydrogen, a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxygroup; a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substitutedwith at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group ora salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, and aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof; a phenyl group, a pentalenylgroup, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, aheptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzofuranylgroup, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolylgroup, and a dibenzosilolyl group; a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group,an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenylgroup, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group,a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, apentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenylgroup, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, afuranyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, and adibenzosilolyl group, each substituted with at least one selected from adeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid groupor a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₁₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexylgroup, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group,a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group,an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, anacenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenylgroup, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, ahexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, a coronenylgroup, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, acarbazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃); and —Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃),b41 to b44 are each independently an integer selected from 0 to 4, HT₃₁to HT₃₃, HT₄₁, and HT₄₂ are each independently a hole transportingmoiety, d31 to d33 are each independently an integer selected from 1 to3, c31 to c33 are each independently an integer selected from 0 to 4,wherein a sum of c31, c32, and c33 is 1 or more, c41 and c42 are eachindependently an integer selected from 1 to 4, and Q₁ to Q₃ and Q₃₁ toQ₃₃ are each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, anaphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenylgroup, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group,a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenylgroup, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, ahexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, a coronenylgroup, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, acarbazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, and a dibenzosilolyl group.
 18. Theorganic light-emitting device of claim 1, wherein the hole auxiliarylayer comprises Compound A represented by one of Formulae 1A-1 to 1A-4,and the electron auxiliary layer comprises Compound B represented by oneof Formulae 1B-1 and 1B-2 and Compound E represented by Formulae 1E-1 to1E-3:

wherein, in Formulae 1A-1 to 1A-4, 1B-1, 1B-2, and 1E-1 to 1E-3, L₁ toL₃, L₁₁, L₄₁, and L₄₂ are each independently selected from: a phenylenegroup, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a spiro-fluorenylenegroup, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, afluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group,and a chrysenylene group; and a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, afluorenylene group, a spiro-fluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylenegroup, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, atriphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, and a chrysenylene group,each substituted with at least one selected from a deuterium, —F, —Cl,—Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group,an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylicacid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspires-fluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), a1to a4, a11, a41, and a42 are each independently 0, 1, or 2, Ar₁ to Ar₆are selected from groups represented by Formulae 5-1 to 5-75, or atleast one of *—N(Ar₁)(Ar₂), *—N(Ar₃)(Ar₄), and *—N(Ar₅)(Ar₆) is selectedfrom groups represented by Formulae 7-1 to 7-3, R₁ to R₄, R₁₁ to R₁₃,and R₄₁ to R₄₄ are each independently selected from a hydrogen, adeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid groupor a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group,and —Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃), b1 to b4, b11 to b13, and b41 to b44 are eachindependently 0 or 1, ET₁₁ is selected from the groups represented byFormulae 5-21 to 5-75, d11 is 1 or 2, HT₄₁ and HT₄₂ are eachindependently selected from the groups represented by Formulae 5-1 to5-20, and c41 and c42 are each independently 1 or 2:

wherein, in Formulae 5-1 to 5-75 and 7-1 to 7-3, Y₃₁ is O, S,C(Z₃₃)(Z₃₄), N(Z₃₅), or Si(Z₃₆)(Z₃₇), Z₃₁ to Z₃₇ are each independentlyselected from a hydrogen, a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, aphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group,a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), Q₁ to Q₃ and Q₃₁ toQ₃₃ are each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, and a naphthyl group, e2 may be an integerselected from 1 to 2, e3 is an integer selected from 1 to 3, e4 is aninteger selected from 1 to 4, e5 is an integer selected from 1 to 5, e6is an integer selected from 1 to 6, e7 is an integer selected from 1 to7, e9 is an integer selected from 1 to 9, and * is a binding site to aneighboring atom.
 19. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1,wherein the hole auxiliary layer comprises Compound A selected fromCompounds A1 to A15, and the electron auxiliary layer comprises CompoundB selected from Compounds B1 to B9 and Compound E selected fromCompounds E1 to E9:


20. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1, wherein the holeauxiliary layer and the electron auxiliary layer each directly contactthe emission layer, the hole transport region comprises at least oneselected from a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, and abuffer layer, each of which are between the anode and the hole auxiliarylayer, and the electron transport region comprises at least one selectedfrom an electron transport layer and an electron injection layer, eachof which are between the electron auxiliary layer and the cathode.